Improvement in carding-machines



C. D. MILLS. Carding-Mahnes.

Patented Feb. 24.1874.

W Zizfsss JM #mi UNITED STATESA PATENT CFEICE.

cHRISTorHER n MILLS, or JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY.

`uvlrnovslvusnnm eAnDiNc-MAcHlNEs.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 147,779, dated February 24, 1874; application tiled v v January 20` 1874.

To all whom it may concern.:

-Be it known that I, CHRISTOPHER D. MILLS, of' Jersey City, State of New Jersey, have'invented an Improvement in Carding or similar Engines for Treating Fiber, of which the fol# lowing is a specification:

My improvement is designed to avoid the risk of setting re to a factory, by preventing the accumulation of loose ber at those points where heat is generated between the cylinder4 heads and the frame, or at the axis or joints of the cylinder; also, to avoid the waste of power and waste of ber by preventing the gathering of the latter at such journals and becoming soiled with oil and matted and ground 'up at that point; also, to lessen materially the quantity of oil needed for lubricating the journals. While avoiding these ends,my invention also serves to utilize in the process of the carding (or similar operation) a considerablepercentage of the ber hitherto wasted from the abovenamed causes, and to cause it to become incorporated in the body of the carded material or bat, and this without breaking,shortening, or in any way destroying the character of theber, the remainder of the loose ber not so incorporated being also undamaged by oil or otherwise. ,j

Heretofore the cylin dcr-heads have been provided with rims reaching very close to the inside face or edge of the cover, a slight space only being between them to permit the revolution of the cylinder, but yet quite sufficient to admit considerable quantities of loose oating ber. Such ber thus served not only to choke and clog, and to require more power to drive the machine, and to increase friction and heat, but it also became saturated with and wasted the oil used for lubrication, and in the revolutions of the machine became ground up and comminutcd, so as to be of little or no value. Besides, this construction, in connection with the immediate juxtaposition of the journal-boX to these frictional surfaces, brought, and to a considerable degree detained, these most combustible materials at and near the axes of the cylinders, where they are likely to take re from an overheated journal.

In Inyconstruction ,which Iwill now proceed clear space between such head and the side of p the cover, so that the oating ber is free from possibility of clogging or of collecting at the journal, or of being injured or ground; while, also, through this open space, during the revolution of the cylinders, an unbroken current or blast is created,which carries forward alarge percentage of such loose ber from the rst to the last or delivering one of these series of cylinders, each of which in turn takes up and utilizes a part of it.

VIn the` drawings, Figure l represents a carding engine having thereon a i worker77 constructed according to and serving to illustrate my invention; and Fig. 2, a partial end view of the same, a portion of the end plates being broken away to display a partof the workercylinder.y Fig. 3 is an enlarged view in elevation of the parts shown in Fig. 2.

My improvement is, however, intended for application to do'ers, fancys, strippers, willows, devils, fans, and to any other cylinders wherever available. Y

A, a main cylinder; A', a worker, having my 'invention applied thereto; B b, my improved head and long sleeve, the sleeve extending' about two inches, more or less, beyond the sides or ends of the cover; C, the journal-box; D, a bracket ad justably secured to the frame E, and bent considerably outward to support the j ournal, its outer end forming or having on it a part of the journal-box; F, one of the metallic ends of the cover, and G the wooden portion ofthe cover. H is the shaft, to which the cylinder Vis keyed. The portion B ofthe head, as also its sleeve portion b, is made with a hi ghly-polished surface, and the face of the part B is preferably made with a gradual taper from center to circumference, so as to give a gradually iucreasing space between the head and the ends of the cover, the better to facilitate the intended movement of the loose bers; and this face has no break or projection or rib, thus oiierin g no obstruction-to -making practically no frietioiif on any vvfibers which may fall withnrt-he open,

clear space w, between 'l5 and the end F,"tlie sleeve, for the purpose of giving this space, ex-v tending a sufticient distance within the end F.

It will now be evident that it the journal be-` be seen that no fiber can be destroyed by' be-iv ing ground up between the heads and the end covers, and that there is no chance for fiber` and oil to mat together, nor for the lubricating-oil to be taken up by the waste, and so needlessly consumed. It will also be seen honT the rapid revolutions of the cylinders will create currents through the free space between the heads and the end covers, and thus tend to throw the uninjured floating ibers up within the range of the card-clothing, &c., where they may drop and be worked into the bat.

About one-half the oil usually required for the journals is also saved by my invention.

My improvement applicable in machines forthe treatment ot' cotton, wool, silk, hair, and fibers generally.

The bracket C is held by bolts l l, passing' through slots 2 2, and the screw 3, resting, by its pivotal point, on the ilange '-i, and being turned in either direction in its nut 5 on the bracket, this screw will raise or lower the bearing.

flo adjust the shaft laterally, I employ a pivotal bolt, 6, to support the bracket, and beneath the head ot' this bolt is held the eye 7 of a screwbolt, S, which passes through a lixed staple, 9, having adjustable screw-nuts 10 10 on each side ofit and upon the bolt 8. New, by first slightly ,ary oil-ingles..k

" locseningone or both iot` bolts 1 1, to permit the bracket to ybe moved `on its centering-bolt 6, and by adjusting the nuts 101()v as desired, the

bracketmay be slightly shifted to the right or -left and'secured to its adjusted position.

l The journal-boxes I provide with the custom-4 In treating oakum I find it is not necessary to applythe-.smoothheads and sleeves to the main cylinder, because the operation of these heads which are upon the other cylinders et fe'ctually draws the ber away. from the journails and towardthe center ot' the face of the main cylinder. I- reserve the right, however, under my invention, to apply such heads and sleeves to the main cylinder in any ease wherever found desirable, whatever may be the fiber undertreatment.-

f l V-hat Iy claimas n eyv, and desire to secure l. The combination, with a cylinder, cylinders, or fan of a earding, combing, or kindred engine, of even-surfaced heads, applied as described, so as to leave afree open space between them and the ends ot' the cover, and having a sleeve proiecting considerably beyond the outside of such ends, so that the journal shall be beyond such sleeve and far removed from the bers falling from the cylinder or fan, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. The combination, with the slotted bracket, its detaining-screws, and the pointedj ack-screw 3, ot' the laterall y-adj ustin g screw S and its locking-nuts, substantially as and for the purpose Set l'orth.

OI-IRISTOPHER D. MILLS.

lVitnesses:

JOHN J. lIALs'rnD,

luo. T. SMALLwooD, Jr. 

